NF S31-692-2001 声学.声强级测定用基准声源的性能和校准要求

上一篇: NF T35-501-1-2001 涂装油漆和有关产品前钢材预处理.表面清洁度的目测评估.第1部分:原涂层全部清除后无涂层钢材和钢材的锈蚀等级和除锈等级及参考性补充:用不同磨料进行喷丸处理时钢材表观改变的典型样版照片
下一篇: NF T37-001-13-2001 镀层盘材金属.试验方法.第13部分:用加热法测定抗加速老化性能

【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforShrinkTensionandOrientationReleaseStressofPlasticFilmandThinSheeting
【原文标准名称】:塑料薄膜和薄板的收缩张力及定向释放应力的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD2838-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.19
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:film;orientationreleasestress;shrinkforce;shrinktension;thinsheeting;Force;Heatingtests--plastics;Heat-shrinkableplasticfilm/sheeting;Orientationreleasestress;Plasticsheetandfilm;Shrinkage--plastics;Shrinkforce;Stress--plasti
【摘要】:Asaresultofthemanufacturingprocess,internalstressesarelockedintothefilmandthesecanbereleasedbyheating.Foranygiventypeoffilmorsheeting,thetemperaturesatwhichshrinkagewillbeginarerelatedtoprocessingtechniquesemployedtomanufacturethefilmandalsomayberelatedtoaphasetransitioninthebaseresin.Shrinktensionaffectstheappearanceandperformanceofafilminashrink-packagingapplication.Itmayalsobeusedtodeterminethedegreeanddirectionoforientation.Theorientationexertsagreatinfluenceuponimportantphysicalcharacteristicssuchastensilestrength,stiffness,tearresistance,andimpactstrength.DatafromProcedureAaremostusefulfordeterminingthedegreeanddirectionoforientation,orientationreleasestress,andthemaximumforcethatthefilmcanexertatagiventemperature.Since,inactualapplications,filmisseldom,ifever,totallyrestrained,datafromProcedureBareusefulinestimatingtheforceanitemtobepackagedwillactuallyreceiveandinpredictingtheappearanceofpackageditems.Thecharacterizationofshrinktensionasafunctionoftemperature,andtheresultantdeterminationoforientationreleasestressanditscorrespondingtemperature,isusuallycarriedoutonlyforaparticularmaterialofspecifiedthicknessforadefinedfabricationprocess.Forproductdevelopmentpurposes,qualitycontrolanddeterminationofconformitytospecificationlimits,themeasurementofshrinktensionatonlyoneortwospecifiedtemperaturesisnormallysufficient.Beforeproceedingwiththistestmethod,referenceshallbemadetothespecificationofthematerialbeingtested.Anytestspecimenpreparation,conditioning,dimensions,ortestingparameters,orcombinationthereof,coveredintherelevantASTMmaterialspecificationshalltakeprecedenceoverthosementionedinthistestmethod.IftherearenorelevantASTMmaterialspecifications,thenthedefaultconditionsapply.Table1ofClassificationSystemsD4000liststheASTMmaterialspecificationsthatcurrentlyexist1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheshrinktensionandrelatedcharacteristics,thatis,shrinkforceandorientationreleasestress,ofheat-shrinkableplasticfilmandsheetingoflessthan1.0mm(0.04in.)thickness.Twoproceduresaredescribedthatpermitthemeasurementofshrinkforcesatpredeterminedtemperatures.Theyareasfollows:1.1.1ProcedureAisdesignedtomeasurethemaximumforceexertedbyaspecimenthatistotallyrestrainedfromshrinkingasitisheatedrapidlytoaspecifictemperature.1.1.2ProcedureBisdesignedtomeasurethemaximumforceexertedbyaspecimenthatispermittedtoshrinkapredeterminedamountpriortorestraintwhilebeingheatedrapidlytoaspecifictemperature.1.2OrientationreleasestresscanbedeterminedfromthedataobtainedusingProcedureA.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Note18212;Filmhasbeenarbitrarilydefinedassheetinghavingnominalthicknessnotgreaterthan0.25x03BC;m(0.010in.).Note28212;ThereisnoknownISOequivalen......
【中国标准分类号】:G33
【国际标准分类号】:83_140_10
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Waterquality-Determinationofselectedphthalatesusinggaschromatography/massspectrometry
【原文标准名称】:水质.用气相色谱法/质谱法测定被选邻苯二甲酸酯
【标准号】:ISO18856-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2004-09
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC147
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:水;气相色谱法;邻苯二甲酸酯;化学分析和试验;含量测定;测定;水质;质谱学
【英文主题词】:Chemicalanalysisandtesting;Determination;Determinationofcontent;Extraction;Gaschromatography;Gasphasechromatography;Groundwater;Massspectrometry;Phthalates;Potablewater;Samplingmethods;Sewage;Solidphaseextraction;Surfacewater;Water;Waterpractice;Waterquality
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesamethodforthedeterminationofphthalatesinwateraftersolidphaseextractionandgaschromatography/massspectrometry.Thismethodisapplicabletothedeterminationofphthalates(seeTable1)ingroundwater,surfacewater,wastewateranddrinkingwaterinmassconcentrationsrangingfromabove0,02μg/lupto0,150μg/l,dependingontheindividualsubstanceandthevalueoftheblank.TheapplicabilityofthismethodtootherphthalatesnotspecifiedinTable1isnotexcluded,butitisnecessarytodetermineitsapplicabilityineachcase(seeAnnexAforthelistofphthalates).GeneralremarksconcerningtherecoveryanduseofinternalstandardsisgiveninAnnexB.
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_50
【页数】:32P;A4
【正文语种】:英语